Here's a view from a parent who has a 26 month old who is fully potty trained - without us having really trained him ever - and someone who likes you believe in baby-led everything - no cry-it-out, no specific disciplining etc. from us:

on #1 - we never used the porta-potties, but we bought the little baby seats you can put on top of your toilet seat - so they sit nicely and do their business in your pot - no cleaning

#2- the only "training" we ever did was leave him without pants for 2-3 days, he was anyway good at telling us when he wanted to pee / poo and got better without the diapers as he didn't have the "safety"

#3- Going out depends on how long - now that he is trained, he can even "control" for a bit if needed and prefers pooping / peeing at home - we often just forget to put a diaper on because we aren't used to it but never had an issue

#4 , #5 - the time you can always make, we are both working (busy investment bank jobs) but there's always some time..

#6- they'll always be babies / kids and find new ways to get the awww and the motherly love from you and you wont ever feel that - trust me - every phase that goes away leads to another

#7 - i may have missed it but how old is he? Anything after 18 months they are usually ready...

Most importantly - its natural to be anxious - no way is the "right" way - patience is key and you need to know your way is the right way - that's the beauty of parenting